The apartheid system in South Africa Essay Example for Free

The politically-sanctioned racial segregation framework in South Africa Essay The term politically-sanctioned racial segregation was one of the most politically charged words in the second 50% of the twentieth century, and still stays famous today. Politically-sanctioned racial segregation interpreted from Afrikaans methods separateness or apartness. Anyway when the National Party came to control in South Africa in 1948, it took on a substantially more vile significance and today is related with racial and ethnic segregation. The foundations of politically-sanctioned racial segregation stem profound into South African history. It began route back during European settlement, and was implemented and kept up until the finish of the twentieth Century. It will everlastingly leave an imprint on South Africa and in reality the world; a dull period in mankind's history from which we have and will keep on learning. Pressures among Europeans and local Africans have existed since the principal long periods of settlement and the most punctual indications of what might snowball to become politically-sanctioned racial segregation can be followed to these occasions. In 1488, the Portuguese initially cruised past the Cape of Good Hope, in the end arrival there and exchanging for food with individuals who called themselves Khoikhoi. It wasnt until the 1600s however, when the Dutch East India Company set up a base in Southern Africa, that the roots for what is today known as South Africa were put down. At first contacts between the Khoikhoi and the new Europeans were serene, yet after some time the circumstance developed threatening. Supported by their firearms, just as the illnesses they carried with them, the Europeans took increasingly more land and disturbed the locals way of life. By 1795 15000 Europeans and their slaves were dispersed all through the Cape settlement. Viciousness between the locals and the Europeans was inescapable. There had been battles between the gatherings in little fights, yet it wasnt until the late eighteenth Century that there was an enormous scope wilderness war between them. The locals were driven back, yet in 1806 Britain assumed control over the Dutch Cape Colony, carrying British pilgrims to the zone. This wasnt a genuine issue to the Boers, the most punctual European pioneers, from the start, however struggle before long resulted. In 1833 Britain finished bondage all through its realm, including the Cape. The Boers firmly couldn't help contradicting this and they needed to keep their autonomy as they accepted they had an undeniable option to possess African land and slaves. In the late 1830s they moved north and eastwards a long way from British Rule to set up their own autonomous republics, in the Transvaal and the Orange Free State. Anyway when precious stones and gold were discovered later in the nineteenth Century the British enthusiasm for these inside regions was re-actuated. The Anglo-Boer War was battled subsequently during the years 1899-1902. This war was one of the epic clashes in the structure of an Afrikaner belief system and feeling of character. The despise of the British subsequently incredibly added to the firm Afrikaner conviction that they were picked by God to manage the land, a conviction that would be appeared and executed in the politically-sanctioned racial segregation framework. Paving the way to the First World War, South Africa stayed a profoundly partitioned nation. Just 21.5 percent of the populace were white, Boers were as yet angry over the Anglo-Boer war and the larger part dark populace was isolated among itself. It was additionally during this time and after the war that the underlying foundations of politically-sanctioned racial segregation started to develop. Strategies, for example, the Mine and Works Act of 1911, which constrained blacks into the class of modest work, and the Natives Land Act of 1913, cleared the beginning of the pathway that would prompt politically-sanctioned racial segregation. Indeed, even suppression from the police was clear in this time, when in 1920 African diggers took to the streets and were killed in Port Elizabeth for their endeavors. Indeed, even before the National Party, that would execute politically-sanctioned racial segregation to its extraordinary, was chosen, politically-sanctioned racial segregation was happ ening and existed all through the nation. In rundown the approach of politically-sanctioned racial segregation was a result of the late provincial time and appeared because of occasions during early settlement, and occasions later, for example, the Anglo-Boer, that started and touched off an attitude that couldnt be smothered. In1948 a Nationalist Party government under Dr Daniel Malan was chosen, promising a white South Africa and an absolute arrangement of politically-sanctioned racial segregation among blacks and whites. Politically-sanctioned racial segregation happened in South Africa as a result of an Afrikaner conviction of their inherent right to Africa, which was likewise a supremacist one. Politically-sanctioned racial segregation was in this manner a way to help and standardize their view on how the nation ought to be run. Politically-sanctioned racial segregation was kept set up through different methods, basically the utilization of enactment and innovation. The fundamental way that the administration implementâ apartheid was through enactment. There were endless laws and bills spent, which after some time stripped dark Africans of their privileges, at the same time preferring the white tip top of South Africa. Race laws influenced each social part of life in politically-sanctioned racial segregation South Africa. The early approaches that were made when the National Party previously came into power set the base for the later arrangements to produce results and branch off. These approaches exemplified what the politically-sanctioned racial segregation system was about, quite two of the most punctual strategies made, being the Population Registration Act and the Group Areas Act. Both were made in 1950, with the Population Registration Act requiring al South Africans to be racially ordered into either white, dark or shaded, and the Group Areas Act which geologically isolated the racial gatherings. These laws and approaches forestalled the dark populace having similar benefits, ways of life and status as the white South Africans. Under the politically-sanctioned racial segregation framework regular day to day existence was significantly influenced by such laws. For instance, under the Reservation of Separate Amenities Act in 1953, individuals of various races were restricted from utilizing a similar open offices, for example, eateries, transport administrations, bathrooms and so on. Under the Population Registration Act various individuals from a similar family wound up in various race gatherings. A portion of these laws basically made dark Africans outsiders; the right term was visitor workers who were possibly permitted to work in South Africa on the off chance that they held an impermanent work grant. The Bantu Education Act of 1953 implied the legislature took over control everything being equal and foundations. The accentuation in dark schools was vigorously on horticulture and this was another method of controlling dark Africans just as maintaining the politically-sanctioned racial segregation framework. The yearly use on training from the administration per understudy was $45 for blacks and $696 for whites. These are only a couple of instances of laws and strategies that were actualized to keep up the politically-sanctioned racial segregation framework. Another way the administration had the option to uphold politically-sanctioned racial segregation was through innovation, essentially PCs. More than some other single innovative progression; the PC cultivated the convergence of managerial force in the possession of Africas white elite.1 Computers were utilized in pretty much every administration organization, especially in the police framework and the military. Theâ vast dominant part of these PCs originated from America and IBM was the biggest PC provider in South Africa during when politically-sanctioned racial segregation was dynamic. The primary PC shipped from the US to South Africa was an electric tabulator to IBM South Africa, in 1952. Through PCs and innovation the politically-sanctioned racial segregation system had the option to control each part of life, especially for dark Africans. It implied that the legislature and its associations could follow individuals their history, their development, and so forth and through this shut down fights and quiet dissenters. The mechanized populace register is viewed as the instrument that made the greatest commitment to the politically-sanctioned racial segregation framework. It was liable for the passbook framework that influenced in excess of 25 million dark Africans. Through these gadgets, data on a people racial characterization, name, sex, date of birth, dates of takeoff and come back to the nation, fingerprints and work environments and study could all be recorded onto a database. The passbooks and the PC database implied an individual could immediately be recognized and checked for a past filled with government resistance. The populace vault wasnt the main automated asset the administration used to control its residents there were other outside and imported items utilized also. X-Ray machines, passbook fingerprinting hardware and correspondences logging recorders were additionally accessible to the police. Different government offices utilized PCs for money related and other non severe purposes, when as a general rule they utilized them to follow rivals of politically-sanctioned racial segregation, and once they discovered them, police fierceness and torment were utilized and the adversaries were frequently held political detainees without preliminary. Likewise, as the biggest piece of the legislature, a larger part of the PC gear bought by the state unavoidably more likely than not discovered its way into the military, which used this hardware against its kin. Politically-sanctioned racial segregation was imagined and directed as a belief system for the complete association of the South African culture for the select advantage of the white piece of the populace. This framework was executed and upheld carefully and with ruthlessness for over forty years. In that time the National Party government accomplished a high level of achievement in creatingâ apartheid on an individual, urban and state level. In spite of the fact that this framework at last fizzled (in 1991 laws upholding politically-sanctioned racial segregation were annulled) its imprint on South Africa and the world will be available for quite a while and the politically-sanctioned racial segregation time will be a monstrous heritage to be completely defeated for people in the future of South Africans and surely the world. References: 1 Automating Apartheid U.S. PC fares to South Africa and the Arms Embargo. Omega Press, Philadelphia, 1982Bibliography:Books:Meisel,J. (1994) South Africa At The Crossroads. Cape Town; The Millbrook PressChristopher,A. (1994) The Atlas of Changing South Africa. London; RoutledgeTames,R. (2000) The End of Apartheid: a New

Release the geek! - Emphasis

Discharge the nerd! Discharge the nerd! The following are the right and wrong forms of probably the most ordinarily incorrectly spelled words. Would you be able to expose the criminal missteps? They’ll pull off it notwithstanding you interfering children. Go on, let your inward nerd out to play. Offer this connection and challenge your partners to a spell-off. You realize you need to 1. neccessarynecessaryneccesary 2. separateseperateseprate 3. receivedrecievedreceeved 4. occuredoccurredocurred 5. definitelydefinately6.grammergrammar7.predjudiceprejudiceprejujice 8. minusculeminiscule 9. occasionoccassionocassion 10. proffesionalprofessional 11. accomodateaccommodateaccommadate 12. religeousreligiousreligous 13. harrassharass 14. questionnairequestionairrequestionnairre15. occurrenceoccurranceoccurence 16. mischiefousmischievousmischievious 17. embarrassembarassembarras 18. connoisseurconnoiseurconnoissouir 19. cemetarycemeterycemetry20.changeablechangablechangeible When you have your score, why not leave us a message in the remarks area underneath to tell us how you jumped on? What's more, in the event that you have any spelling tips youd like to share, for example, memory helpers, marry love to hear them.

Side Hustling Your Way to Zero Debt, with Eric Rosenberg from Personal Profitability

Side Hustling Your Way to Zero Debt, with Eric Rosenberg from Personal Profitability Side Hustling Your Way to Zero Debt with Eric Rosenberg from Personal Profitability Side Hustling Your Way to Zero Debt with Eric Rosenberg from Personal ProfitabilityWhen people think about achieving their financial goalsâ€"maybe its paying down debt or saving for an emergency fundâ€"they usually think about cutting back on their spending. And don’t get us wrong: cutting back your spending is important. By setting a budget and sticking to it, you can free up additional funds and set yourself up for true financial success. But there’s also a flipside to debt repayment that doesn’t get talked about as often. While decreasing your spending is important, so is increasing your income.The more money you’re making; the more money you can be putting towards your debt. (This is assuming that you have already set a budget, of course. Paying down your debt without a budget is … not something we recommend. Like at all.) One great way to  increase your income is by getting yourself a nice little side hustle. We talked to Eric Rosenberg from Personal Profitability abou t some of the ins and outs of using a side hustle (extra  income you make outside of your day job) to pay down your debt.Choosing a Side HustleOnce you’ve decided to earn some extra cash  through a side hustle, the next step is choosing  which side hustle to pick up. And youll have a lot to choose from. When it comes to side hustles, the  possibilities really are endless.“Anywhere you can make money is a good side hustle,” says Eric. “Look at your skills and hobbies first and try to leverage those to earn income on the side.”So if you’re the crafty or artistic kind, maybe that means starting your own Etsy store to sell handmade jewelry. If you have a large collection of comic books from your childhood, there’s a good chance that at least some of them will fetch a pretty penny on eBay. And if you like scouring local flea markets for great finds, that’s a hobby that could easily be used to make a buck on Craigslist.If selling items isnt your jam, how about selling serv ices? Eric  has some other suggestions:“Online freelance services are an easy and safe way to get started from the comfort of your own home. Lawn care or snow removal are also widely needed year round in your neighborhood. You can also quickly become an Uber or Lyft driver (or Postmates if they operate in your city) if you own a car.”To learn more, head over to Personal Profitability to check out Eric’s list of 137 side hustle ideas.Keeping That Extra IncomeOnce that extra income starts rolling  in, it can be extremely tempting to use it as extra spending money. And if youre already living on a tight budget, you may feel like you’ve earned the right to treat yourself. While the occasional treat might not break the bank, using your side income for splurging can easily get out of hand, leaving you back at square one.Eric agrees that “lifestyle inflation is a tough thing to avoid when earning more,” But don’t worry. Eric has some good advice for how to keep yourself from splurging away all your side hustle money.The best way to ensure your side hustle income goes to your debt payoff is to track your business income separately from your personal income. In fact, you should always keep business income and expenses separate for tax and legal reasons. Each time your business has enough cash in the bank to pay you, save 25% for taxes and put the rest right into a debt payment.”To that we’ll add one more thought: If you do want to splurge every now and again, just add that line right into your budget. Set aside $50 a month for a nice date night at the movies or a mani-pedi. By budgeting for that extra treat, you’ll be able to reward yourself every once in a while and still stay on top of your finances.Strategize Your Debt RepaymentPaying off your debt isn’t simply a matter of freeing up cash. If you don’t go into it with a solid plan, you’re all the more likely to fail. There are two popular debt repayment strategies: The Debt Snowball and The Debt Avalanche.With The Debt Snowball method, youll put all your extra money towards paying off your smallest balance first. Every time you pay a debt off, you add its minimum payment amount towards paying off your remaining balances. This way, the amount your paying towards each subsequent balance grows larger, like the proverbial snowball rolling down a hill. This strategy gives you some early victories that can encourage you to keep going.With The Debt Avalanche, you line up your debts in the reverse order: from largest to smallest. And this time you’re not ordering them according to their balances; you’re ordering them according to their interest rates. You pay off the debt with the largest interest rate first and work your way down, paying off the debt with the smallest interest rate last.Mathematically, the  The  Debt Avalanche method is the absolute winner,” says Eric. “That is what I used to pay off my $40,000 in student loans  in two years  and six days after gradu ation. Always focus on paying off high interest debt first and then cascade down into the lower interest rates. While it doesnt offer the same psychological quick win as the debt snowball, you cant argue with math!”And he’s right. With The Debt Avalanche, you can save a lot of money in accrued interest compared to The Debt Snowball. To learn more, check out our blog post, Sweep Away Your Debt With a Debt Avalanche.Plan for the FutureOnce you’ve paid down your debt, does that mean you should just close your side hustle down? For some people out there, that might be the right call. But for others, especially for people who’ve found a side hustle that’s both profitable and enjoyable, that extra money can still be put to sound use.“If you dont have one already, start saving for an emergency fund,” says Eric. “You never know when a car may break down or your furnace or hot water heater will go bad. It would be a shame to go back into debt after paying things off because y ou dont have savings.”Further ReadingFor more information on side hustling, you can read our blog post, Get Your Side Hustle on in 2017! with Nick Loper from SideHustleNation.com.And if you want to learn more about how to maximize your earnings, check out Eric’s book, The Personal Profitability Playbook, which you can get for free on the Personal Profitability website.Eric says, “I built Personal Profitability on four core principles: Earn more, spend thoughtfully, grow your wealth, and live a better life through mindful personal finance. If you treat yourself like a business, youll be on set to reach your maximum personal profits!”About the Contributor: Eric Rosenberg Eric Rosenberg is a finance, travel, and technology writer currently living in Ventura, California. When away from the keyboard, Eric enjoys exploring the world, flying small airplanes, discovering new craft beers, and spending time with his wife and daughter. You can connect with him at his finance blog Perso nal Profitability.

Lord Byron And William Shakespeare - 966 Words

Since the beginning of time, human beings have found a variety of ways to illustrate their affections for one another. An intriguing form to present an individual’s ideal thoughts across is the form of poetry, for it displays a deep and mysterious meaning behind the connotation of the words used. Poetry allows writers to express themselves through the act of writing with the usage of a few words. However, it is sometimes difficult for a reader to comprehend what the poem is trying to imply, but that is the beauty behind poetry which as a reader, one might have a different interpretations from another. In an analysis of â€Å"She walks in beauty† by Lord Byron and â€Å"Sonnet 130† by William Shakespeare, they both have a unique distinction on how the words are used to project affections to their respective lover. The linguistic style of the poets diverges in their depiction the physical appearance, emotive feelings, and understanding what the lover means to them. Lord Byron and William Shakespeare did an incredible job analyzing their counterpart’s physical appearance that was just mind blowing to a reader. Throughout the poem â€Å"She walks in beauty† by Lord Byron, he uses imagery that allowed him to compare his lover with nature. She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies, And all that’s best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes; Thus mellowed to the tender light Which heaven gaudy day denies (Lines 1-6). This stanza states that hisShow MoreRelatedLord Byron And William Shakespeare843 Words   |  4 Pageswalks in beauty†, by Lord Byron and â€Å"Sonnet 130†, by William Shakespeare have their unique distinguish upon how the words are projected to their respective lover, which they are comparing their physical appearance, implementing their feelings, and understanding what the lover means to them. Lord Byron and William Shakespeare did an incredible job analyzing their counterpart physical appearance that is just mind blowing to a reader. In the poem, â€Å"She walks in beauty†, by Lord Byron uses imagery, whichRead MoreLiterary Analysis of Lord George Gordon Byron: Capturing the Painful Pangs of Love Through Poetry1596 Words   |  7 PagesLove is responsible for the greatest tragedies in life which leaves a resounding impact on people. Lord George Gordon Byron was a Romantic poet who was alive from January 22, 1788 to April 19, 18241. During his life he was a man of many relationships with most of them ending unsuccessfully and in heartbreak. His first love, Mary Ann Chaworth, broke his heart when he overheard her disdainfully say to her maid â€Å"Do you think I could care anything for that lame boy?†2 when he believed they reallyRead MoreEssay about Themes of Love and Loss in Poetry1278 Words   |  6 Pagespre-nineteenth century poems, So, well go no more a roving and When we two parted by Lord Byron, Sonnet 116 by William Shakespeare, How do I love thee? by Elizabeth Barrett-Browning and Remember by Christina Rossetti. After looking at the level of implication of each of the poets in their writing, we will show the way they treat the themes of love and loss. Written by William Shakespeare in the 16th century, Sonnet 116 is the most ancient poem in this collection. ItRead MoreBritish Literature Essay1614 Words   |  7 Pagesthey were saying stories each other, each one said four stories, but in tact there are only 23 tales. William Shakespeare – is the biggest author of this period Christopher Marlowe – might became another Shakespeare but he had been killed, lived only short life, he wrote many plays – â€Å"The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus†, â€Å"the Jew of Malta†, perhaps he also wrote Henry VI. – which Shakespeare revised and completed Sir Thomas More: he wrote â€Å"Utopia† – a vision of Imaginary Island with perfectlyRead MoreThe Troubled Souls Of Burdened Authors In The Late Eighteenth1602 Words   |  7 Pagesstate and William Blake s franticness. The principle contrast amongst Shakespeare and Blake is antipodean. Blake was a visionary and thought his fancies genuine – he was frantic. Shakespeare was a thinker, and knew he was everything except creative energy, however genuine may be the truths he fashioned from them (Cooper and Dendy 1845). Researchers Cooper and Dendy takes note of that, William Shakespeare and William Blake are of no mental examination inside their works. Shakespeare utilizes hisRead MoreEssay on The Four Periods of Literature1518 Words   |  7 Pagesstarted from taking a risk. The majority of writers who copy others style and attempt to make it their own fail. Writers such as Poe, and Shakespeare who experimented and produced something entirely new, a product that the public had not yet seen and did not know they wanted, are the ones who succeed. An example of a slightly unconventional poem comes from William Wordsworth in his poem London, 1802 where he calls upon the deceased poet John Milton to aid in restoring England to glory. He says: MiltonRead MoreThe Renaissance And Romanticism During The 19th Century1245 Words   |  5 Pagesbelieved they were making a leap towards perfection(†¦). This idea of perfection came from the Greek search for excellence (page 4, PDF). Some major figures in British literature during this time period were William Shakespeare, John Milton, John Donne, and Ben Johnson(†¦). William Shakespeare had a large influence on literature(†¦). He was considered one of the greatest and most famous poets of his time(†¦). John Milton was a major figure during the Renaissance(†¦). He was also considered one ofRead MoreCuriosity Killed the Cat1348 Words   |  6 PagesOrigin The earliest printed reference to the original proverb is attributed to the British playwright Ben Jonson in his 1598 play, Every Man in His Humour, which was performed first by William Shakespeare. ...Helter skelter, hang sorrow, care will kill a cat, up-tails all, and a pox on the hangman. Shakespeare used a similar quote in his circa 1599 play, Much Ado About Nothing: |â€Å" |What, courage man! what though care killed a cat, thou hast mettle enough in thee to kill care. Read MoreCharles Baudelaire And Victor Hugo976 Words   |  4 Pagesincluding the L Ame du Vin and Mort des Artistes are popular for the thematic basis of defining the pursuits of life and art. The English romantic poetry is dense and divided into two eras; William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Blake wrote in the first half of the romantic period and Lord Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley and John Keats wrote in the second half. The Romantic Era is known for the development in poetry, from metaphysical approaches to the simple use of the language, the romanticRead MorePeriods of English Literature1515 Words   |  7 Pagespoetry, with its many hues of passion, emotion, tragedy and triumph. The main characteristic of the Renaissance period is the Renaissance humanism, a claim of the dignity of man against hatred. Shakespeare had an image of man as he was before the Fall, and as he is still capable of being. Shakespeare also placed man between the angels and the beasts in the chain of Being that was an important concept in the Medieval mentality. Also important was society’s creation of the Renaissance man. The

While Your Healthcare Practice Needs a Marketing Plan Essay

Why Your Healthcare Practice Needs a Marketing Plan Angela Bostick-Dixon Ashford University Strategic Planning amp; Marketing in Health Care MHA 626 Cynthia Davis November 27, 2011 Why Your Healthcare Practice Needs a Marketing Plan The business plan of any organization can only occur after a successful strategic plan is form and securely in place. The strategic plan in any corporation, organization, and small business ventures has a vision on where this organization needs to be in the future. â€Å"The strategic plan is a long-term (three- to- five years) views of where the organization is going† (Hillestad amp; Berkowitz, 2004, p. 32). A strategic plan is just that a plan of things to come and how to attain the business or how†¦show more content†¦What innovations must the organization posses to attract customers away from where they presently do business? Customer in general don’t like change and if they are happy where they are no matter what the business may entail, It will take a strong marketing department to change their minds and come over to your organization. Starbucks coffee shops in their business plan session had to come up with a concept that would have coffee drinkers to leave the coffee house of their choice and start drinking coffee at the local fancy coffee shop. Marketing came up with pleasant interior and exterior surrounding, coffees of all kinds and free Wi-Fi, customer were sold on that and even though Starbuck coffee is expensive, sitting while working with digital devices and drinking coffee may Starbucks company successful. Why does your health care practice needs a marketing plan? The same reason every other organization needs a marketing plan to stay competitive with the local market and surrounding healthcare providers. Joel Ellis, president of Practice Builders has a list of reasons why medical centers, clinics, and hospitals need a marketing plan. The main reasons why healthcare practice needs a marketing plan as outlined in the video are (a) plan nothing, nothing is what you accomplish, (b) financial investing, (c) there are risk to an organizations financial bottom line, and reputation, and marketing can’t be done on a sometimeShow MoreRelatedWhy Do Healthcare Practices Need a Marketing Plan?793 Words   |  3 Pagesadvertising and marketing efforts for the coming year is known as a marketing plan. A marketing plan includes a statement of the marketing situation, a discussion of target markets and company positioning and a description of the marketing mix intended for use in reaching m arketing goals (entrepreneur.com, 2012). A second definition of a marketing plan is as follows: a plan that describes the activities involved in achieving certain marketing objectives within a given timeframe. 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Marketing the new operating service hours is critical to keep our current patients satisfied while simultaneously generating new patient clientele. We will now operate within the hours of 8 am to 4:30 pm. The Western Clinic will meet the patients’ needs and a marketing plan of extendedRead MorePersonal Statement : The University Of New Orleans Essay1727 Words   |  7 Pagesmoney to live a lavish life with my family. Yes, making money is the ultimate goal to live the life I envision. In short all I want is to become a leader in my organization helping transform it into an organization that respects all its stakeholders — while at the same time being the best son, husband and father I can be. 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Create Pre-diabetic program along with exemplified mental health program 3. Implement a Medicaid Cost Reduction Plan 4. Primary Physician Recruitment Program 5. Reinvest current net income into interest accounts for future variable health care costs for years to come 6. Utilization of Pull Strategies by employing tactics to draw interest for the target audience, creating an innovative culture within the organization Objectives TheRead MoreThe Health Of The United States1409 Words   |  6 Pagesboomer generation is starting to retire. By 2030, the US Census Bureau predicts, almost a fifth of the population will be over the age of 65. Healthcare GDP- The U.S. healthcare spending continues to increase and is the most amongst the world. In 2013 the GDP percent was at 17.1 for the United States. The United States continues to spend the most on health while it increases annually around 7 percent expected to total over 4 trillion in 2015. 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Diet Analysis Paper Free Essays

The three-day diet analysis was interesting. There were many positive attributes to it and definitely negative ones. Over the course of the three days, which were Friday, Saturday and Sunday: and figured this would give a good depiction of what I was consuming on a regular basis. We will write a custom essay sample on Diet Analysis Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now In some places I was consuming more than I should be and in some I was consuming less than I should be. There were also those places were I was getting just the right amount. It is so interesting to me to be able to find out what I am consuming and how I am consuming it. Being an active male, it was most interesting of what I ate, what my average of the three days were, and the plan on how I would correct the way I eat to make it a more healthier lifestyle. My Pyramid was not that shocking, when I saw Grains, fruits, vegetables, milk, meat, and bean intake compared to the recommendation. Personally, it made sense of what I was meeting and what I was missing, yet, have done nothing about it. I love my grains, even though I am a celiac. I do not really follow the guidelines and still chose to eat a lot of grains. This was at 10. Oz and I met the required intake for grains. The vegetables I tend to eat are broccoli, carrots, and from time to time I eat cauliflower. So, I was at 1. 2 cups of vegetables compared to the recommended intake of 4. 0 cups. I already knew I hardly reach the fruit intake that happened to be zero percent. I have never been a big fruit person, besides eating apples to keep the doctors away. Got milk? Of course, I always drink my milk when I eat all the grains out of the cereal bowl. Thus, I was at 1. 5 cups compared to 3. 0 cups of the recommended intake. Lastly, meat and beans I was at 5. 5 oz and cheated, because I ate at taco bell! Overall, the above groups did not surprise me and did show me how far I still was to reaching the food-list compared to the latest USDA Dietary guidelines. My actual intake for Protein was at 83. 30 grams and exceeded the recommended by 8. 91 grams. When looking at the meal assessment, lunch was when I received the most protein during my three-day analysis. I normally eat out during lunch, because I am either at school or work and it is convenient. I usually do not think of whether or not I am cooking the right foods that have a good amount of protein at dinnertime, and rely on fast-food chains. Since, I am over on my protein intake I am not worried about having to rely on fast-food to get the appropriate amount my body needs. Carbohydrates (carb) for me were at 206. 36 grams when it should be at 554. 37 grams, so not exactly where I need to be. Again, my carb intake was the highest during lunchtime. The foods highest in carbs high in starch or sugar would be found in the grains (Cinnamon Toast Crunch), starchy potatoes (French fries), and any foods with added sugar. Low carb foods I consumed were the meat (lunch and dinner), eggs (breakfast), and the small portion of vegetables (broccoli and carrots). Total fat was 63. 9 grams compared the 125. 43 grams of total fat recommended. Also, my saturated fat was 18. 16 grams when listed at 40. 32 grams of recommended intake. Not too sure on fats, except from the fact that the key is to replace bad fats (saturated and trans) with good fats (poly and monouns) in our diet. Knowing which fats will raise my LDL cholesterol and which ones will not is the first step to lowering my family’s history of heart disease. Cholesterol was 254. 51 mg, which was very close to my recommended intake. If there is one thing I learned so far this semester, it is to eat foods that are low in cholesterol, saturated fat, and free of trans fat. I have never had a screening done before, yet, seeing that my Cholesterol was fairly high, I might reconsider. Being an athlete I know I can use all the fiber I can get to keep my digestive system clean. During the three-days, I only took in 17. 20 grams and I should be consuming at least 56. 44 grams. Fiber can be found in fruit (I did not eat during the trial), vegetables (I ate very little), and wheat foods that were most likely the main source I got the fiber from. On an infomercial with Montel was selling his new â€Å"Health Master† blending machine. During his spiel, he started talking about how the majority of us add salt to foods that already have a good source of salt. I found it interesting, because I know I do this when I get chips or chili. From what I got, the key to healthy eating is choosing foods lower in salt, sodium, and try to not add extra salt to foods (unless your mother’s cooking is bland). Well, I had a very high intake of sodium of 2,730. 78 mg when it should have been at 2,300 mg. I usually stop by the blood pressure machine when at the grocery store and it tends to be good. So, I am not too worried about having to choose a low-sodium diet, unless it becomes a trend when being over my intake level. Astonishingly, my vitamin intake was really good, and I am somewhat surprised by that. There were only two Vitamins I was low in enough to talk about were vitamin C at 69. 19 mg Folate, which was at 273. 60 mcg of my recommendation of 400 mcg. Minerals seemed to be average for me, with potassium, magnesium, and calcium (I have to take extra by pill form) being the lowest out of the eight listest on the report. Calories, calories from fat, and calories from Saturated fat were all low for me as well. I am a guy and unfortutely I do not count my calories, however, I have a cool application on the I-phone that is a calorie counter! The diet analysis opened my eyes and realized that I do not know what I am really doing to my body. My feelings are different after finding out the true facts. Knowledge is the key to a healthier lifestyle, and the diet analysis program has helped a lot. Goals I need to set for myself are balancing out what I am eating, try to learn as much as I can on the subject of nutrition, and be more aware of what options are available to me when I go out to eat during lunch (smaller portions). Those are problems that I would like for my to correct. How to cite Diet Analysis Paper, Papers

The Political Investment Environment of India Essay Example

The Political Investment Environment of India Paper Like the situation in China, it is important and critical for investors to know local lattice environment and government relations if planning to run business locally in India, since government has large rights over a lot of affairs. After doing some research, I find that there are supports as well as some obstacles placed from political environment. According to Embassy of the Peoples Republic of China in India, before 1991 , India government was cautious of opening domestic market to foreign investors. Introduction of foreign investment industries were mostly considered to be advanced technology or which can ensure product export. However, India government changed the attitude that they cancelled some limitations to FAD (foreign direct investment) and established Foreign Investment Promotion Board and Cabinet Committee to encourage FAD, expanding the entry scope of FAD and relaxing equity holding limits. Indian government encourages foreign capital to flow to the new and high technology industries, especially software industry. Thus there are preferential policies on investment in software industry, such as exempting taxes of import and export software, exempting income tax in 10 years, setting standard international intellectual property rights to protect reign investors. What more, as stated in the agreement on Trade- Related Investment Measures (TRIMS), Indian government reduced and eliminated discrimination of foreign investment, adjusting the policies of FAD in India to be as equal as domestic business, such as reducing tax rate and permitting FAD to practice all the preferential policies in high-tech commercial zones. We will write a custom essay sample on The Political Investment Environment of India specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Political Investment Environment of India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Political Investment Environment of India specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In certain industries, India even practices policies that are advantageous to foreign companies. For example, Indian government required that new private investors who wanted to enter telecoms service industry needed to cooperate with foreign investors, giving chances for foreign investors to break into Indian market. On the other hand, theres some disadvantages of investing in India. Firstly, in terms Of government system, according to the website ABUTTING, Indian government mainly practices federal system of government, which consists of central government and state governments and is a multi-party system of government. The general parties are state-level parties before they are registered by the Electoral Commission (CE) to become nation-level parties, which may participate in different nationwide elections. Besides, other political organizations, commissions and Nooks play major parts in Indians politics. This little bit complex political system places obstacles for foreigners who are not familiar with local political environment. Investors need to figure out the relations between different political parties and their rights over different affairs. Then it would be easier to run business locally and more possible to succeed. Besides, it is said on ABOUT INDIA that political turmoil happens when a minority government is formed. This may affect export- oriented companies and investors who invest in these kinds of companies, nice new parties draw up and implement different policies that directly impact business environment. Moreover, like other developing country, corruption in India is severe. It is stated on Remuneration International, an international market research and business strategy provider, that corruption in India seriously impacts its business and political environment. According to Transparency Internationally Corruption Perceptions Index for Selected Countries in 201 0, India ranked 87th place out of 180 countries. The image of Indian government reduces investors confidence of investing in India. Theres supporting policies from Indian government as well as obstacles.

Marcus Antonius was Not a Great Man

Marcus Antonius was Not a Great Man Marcus Antonius, born c. 83 and died in 30 BCE , was one of the better known Roman leaders, likely because of his romance with Cleopatra and Shakespeare's retelling of his tale. As the son of General Marcus Antonius and Julia, he was the second cousin of Julius Caesar and thus became a powerful man. Antony participated in many military campaigns in his lifetime, and upon Caesar's death he became one of two main contesters of the throne. His life came to an end when his rival Octavian defeated him in battle at Actium and he committed suicide with his lover Cleopatra.Marc Antony was an important man, but his relationship with Caesar was what truly led to his coming into power, and his whole life was directed by events out of his control. Marc Antony was a product of his age and family, nothing more.One of the greater factors of Antony's coming into power was his blood relations, particularly that with Caesar.Cleopatra (Elizabeth Taylor) confronts Julius Caes...

Pros and Cons of the Corn-Based Plastic PLA

Pros and Cons of the Corn-Based Plastic PLA Polylactic acid (PLA), a plastic substitute made from fermented plant starch (usually corn) is quickly becoming a popular alternative to traditional petroleum-based plastics. As more and more countries and states follow the lead of China, Ireland, South Africa, Uganda and San Francisco in banning plastic grocery bags responsible for so much so-called â€Å"white pollution† around the world, PLA is poised to play a big role as a viable, biodegradable replacement. Proponents also tout the use of PLA, which is technically â€Å"carbon neutral† in that it comes from renewable, carbon-absorbing plants, as yet another way to reduce our emissions of greenhouse gases in a quickly warming world. PLA also will not emit toxic fumes when incinerated. However, there are still issues with the use of polylactic acid such as its slow rate of biodegradability, its inability to mix with other plastics in recycling, and its high use of genetically modified corn (though arguably the latter could be one of the good effects of PLA as it provides a good reason to alter crop yields with genetic splicing). The Cons of PLA: Biodegradation Rate and Recycling Critics say that PLA is far from a panacea for dealing with the world’s plastic waste problem. For one thing, although PLA does biodegrade, it does so very slowly. According to Elizabeth Royte, writing in Smithsonian, PLA may well break down into its constituent parts (carbon dioxide and water) within three months in a â€Å"controlled composting environment,† that is, an industrial composting facility heated to 140 F and fed a steady diet of digestive microbes. It will take far longer in a compost bin, or in a landfill packed so tightly that no light and little oxygen are available to assist in the process. Indeed, analysts estimate that a PLA bottle could take anywhere from 100 to 1,000 years to decompose in a landfill. Another issue with PLA is that it must be kept separate when recycled, lest it contaminates the recycling stream; since PLA is plant-based, it needs to be disposed of in composting facilities, which points to another problem: There are currently a few hundred industrial-grade composting facilities across the United States. Finally, PLA is typically made of genetically modified corn, at least in the United States. The largest producer of PLA in the world is NatureWorks, a subsidiary of Cargill, which is the world’s largest provider of genetically modified corn seed. This is tricky because the future costs of genetic modification (and the associated pesticides) to the environment and human health are still largely unknown. Pros of PLA Over Plastics: Utility and Biodegradability Genetically modified foods may be a controversial issue, but when it comes to genetically spicing plants together to breed corn that yields more crops for industrial use has its major advantages. With the increasing demand for corn to make ethanol fuel, let alone PLA, it’s no wonder that Cargill and others have been tampering with genes to produce higher yields. At least harmful plastic isnt be used as frequently anymore! Many industries are using PLA because they are capable of biodegrading at a much faster rate than plastic while still offering the same level of sanitation and utility. Everything from plastic clamshells for food take-out to medical products can now be made from PLA, which drastically reduces the carbon footprint of these industries. While PLA has promise as an alternative to conventional plastic once the means of disposal are worked out, consumers might be better served by simply switching to reusable containers, from cloth bags, baskets, and backpacks for grocery shopping to safe, reusable (non-plastic) bottles for beverages.

Latin America Conflicts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Latin America Conflicts - Essay Example Latin America has seen everything- from conquests, through colonization and revolutions and to modern day violence- all of which has played a major role in various stages of its advancement (2001). In this paper, we shall discuss how the abuses committed by foreign invaders – first the Spaniards, then conquer of Veracruz by France and ultimately the imperial rule imposed by the United States has shaped the history of Latin America (L.A). The two biggest empires of Latin America, Aztec and Incas, were conquered and exploited by the Spaniards. Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro respectively were the main leaders of the Spaniards behind the conquests of these two large empires. Cortes who was a Spanish conquistador had attacked the city of Aztec with a small troupe of 600 men and had successfully captured the whole empire that consisted of ten thousand warriors. Cortes way of conquest has always been described as ruthless, guile and violent. Cortes audacious and unscrupulous def eat of Aztecs had left behind a trial of bloodsheds and had also inspired many Spaniards to follow his footsteps. One of them was Pizarro who undauntedly followed the Cortes policy of dividing the native population against one another and exploiting traditional enmities (Minster,n.d). Pizarro along with his four brothers and a small group of just 2000 men and 65 soldiers had tactfully captured the city of Incas which had an army of 30,000 soldiers. He like Cortes had used audacious and ghastly ways to defeat Incas. Many conquistadors soon followed in the footsteps of Cortes and Pizarro to invade Latin America and handicapped it through bloodshed and violence (M.Fisher & K.Fisher, 2000). More so , to add to the misery of the local people the conquistadors further tortured them by making them slaves. The native population started disappearing due to conquistadors continued torture. These empires had been conquered by the conquistadors, mainly with the aim of acquiring large volumes of wealth and humungous profits. But as the local population started disappearing and only a small population was left to do the work, the Spaniards turned to African slaves. These slaves faced torture, racism attacks, and abuses by the Spaniards which further increased the repression in these countries and later on led to rebellionism and revolution over here. With the discrimination of people according to races -on top were the whites, then the mestizos, the blacks and then the indigenous people further intensified the urge of the native people to rebel and consequently led to the revolutions which shaped the future of Latin America over the centuries (Chasteen, 2001). The spread of the news of revolutions across the world like the American Revolution, the French revolution and more closely the revolution in Caribbean, woke up the people of Latin America and ignited the spirit of anti-colonialism in them. The history of Latin America was not without blood and fire which can easily b e established through the revolution which happened in Mexico. The people of Latin America were segregated into the classes of rich and the poor by the Spaniards. During colonialism, wealth and race played an important role in shaping the society. The basic reason to classify the people was to separate â€Å"the whitest of the white from those who already lost some of the

Assessment Referrals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assessment Referrals - Essay Example According to Deiner (2003), â€Å"Communication is the process by which information is transmitted between two or more individuals† (pp. 273). Before making a referral for additional assessment in determining whether or not a student has a communication disorder, thorough amounts of interventions should be completed—as well as copious note-taking and recording evidence of a student’s behavior. Two strengths of observational assessment are: 1) that a teacher can physically see with his or her own eyes what problem or problems the student is dealing with; and then 2) record these observations for further discussion at some point in the future. The limitations of observational assessment are that: 1) there is no feedback provided by the student unless verbal or written; and 2) there is no way to know, short of asking, what the student’s viewpoint is during the assessment. Anectdotal records would be preferable to keep records—and then later on, the sch ool psychologist might be able to take such notes and go down a checklist of his or her own about what these behaviors together might mean. According to Boyles and Contadino (1998), â€Å"Poor communication skills can interfere with every aspect of the childs life. Learners with communication disorders quickly fall behind in school. Vocabularies dwindle, memories fail, and problem solving becomes difficult† (pp. 158). Therefore, if the diagnosing individual can pinpoint what the student is having difficulty with, that might make the student be able to more effectively handle his or her

The Communicative Language Teaching Clt English Language Essay

The Communicative Language Teaching Clt English Language Essay In this thesis written about Communicative Language Teaching, I especially focused on Communicative Language Teaching-activities. First of all you will get introduced with the beginning of CLT and its characteristics, because it is important to know the beginning of CLT: When did begin? How it is formed the CLT that we are using nowadays? What characteristics does it have? Why it is useful for teaching foreign language? In the pages that follow, it will be argued of three kinds of practise which I consider basically remarkable: Mechanical practise, Meaningful practise, Communicative practise. Classroom activities in CLT which are: Accuracy activities and Fluency activities, are mentioned in this paper as important point that CLT has, also I have done an observation in primary school to see which activity is being implemented in primary schools, because it is very important to see how good our educational system is going and to prepare myself as a future teacher to select which activi ties are more comfortable for pupils. Next section of this paper it has an elaboration of CLT-Activities; there you will see their implementation and one example for each of them. I have done a questionnaire for pupils contained by ten questions related to CLT-Activities, and after it I have explained the results of each question of questionnaire. At the end you will see an overall conclusion of this paper, what I have understood based on my research, observations, theoretical part of Communicative Language Teaching. I Communicative Language Teaching What is CLT? In the late years, there has been an increasing interest in learning English as a foreign language, which basically considered one of the most important languages in all over the world. People need English for their jobs, career, life, travelling, studies, etc. The problem was and in some countries is still considering problem in how to learn and how to teach a foreign language (including rules of grammar, pronunciation, skills, communication). Fifty years ago Grammar was a remarkable point in teaching a foreign language, the systems focus was in teaching a foreign language based just in grammar (rules, sentence formation, definitions) which was called Traditional Approach. Fortunately activities started to be in process of changing with other activities and soon traditional approach went out of fashion. What made this approach to get out of the system was a new approach called Communicative Language Teaching or CLT. With CLT began a movement away from traditional lesson formats wher e the focus was on mastery of different items of grammar and practise through controlled activities such as memorization of dialogs and drills, towards the use of pair work activities, role plays, group works activities and project work (Richards) (n.d). Based on this citation and what is generally accepted about CLT, I can say that CLT is a new approach, useful too, and it focuses on needs of teachers: How to teach a foreign language? And also in students: How to learn a foreign language? 1.2 The Beginning of CLT and its characteristics. According to Richards (n.d) CLT created a great deal of enthusiasm and excitement when, first appeared as a new approach to language teaching in the 1970s and 1980s. So it is understandable that CLT has changed a lot of things in the field of language teaching. As I mentioned before the Traditional Approach was a set of grammar rules, therefore it had a principal goal which is called Grammar Competence. Grammar Competence is full filled with rules grammar, creating sentences based on grammar, communicating with rules, whereby the feeling of natural language was absent. As a result professors of language thought that there can something more than Grammar Competence, and there as a principal goal of Communicative Language Teaching is Communicative Competence. Communicative Competence which is at the heart of our understanding of CLT plays a very important role in function of CLT. CLT needs Communicative Competence in order to be useful and cannot work without it. à ¢- Why Communicative Competence is so important for CLT -Communicative Competence is a relative not absolute, and it depends from the cooperation of participants, their involvement, and so on. There are four aspects of Communicative Competence: à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â€ž ¢Grammatical Competence Even that teaching Grammar is considering boring from students, we cannot avoid it, and grammar is principal thing of speech, communication, formal or informal written. However for me as a future teacher, I should find ways how to teach grammar without creating stress on students, or creating a boring class. -Discourse The second aspect of the Communicative Competence is Discourse. In this aspect can enter the intersentential (it means: email, conversations, communication). -Social cultural elements. The third aspect Communicative Competence is Social Cultural Elements. In this aspect is very attractive one this one includes interaction, context and students in the classroom. Practising social cultural elements than bringing in cultural things, and having students practising it, it means they have ability to communicate on natural context. -Strategic Competence Strategic Competence goes beyond the classroom instruction, by using strategies and learning by mistakes students can communicate easily, can learn different ways of expressions. Also Accuracy and Fluency activities play very important role in Communicative Competence; their balance is the true model of Communicative Competence. Communicative Learning Teaching uses these four components of Communicative Competence in order to function successfully in process of teaching and in learning. Communicative Language Teaching involves different kinds of classroom activities that gives students opportunity to see natural language and real communication that promotes learning. CLT- Activities As we saw in the chapter I CLT is to full fill needs of teachers and students in process of teaching and learning a foreign language. Through CLT we learn in natural way a foreign language. This can be realized through activities that CLT has. CLT Activities are very helpful in EFL classes, they manages to create a comfortable atmosphere in classroom, they can raise the motivation of students, through them teachers can find many easily ways to teach a foreign language, even if they have in plan to teach grammar or something that seems a bit complicated. à ¢- I want to highlight two important classroom activities of CLT: -Fluency activities -Accuracy activities According to Richards (n.d) one of the goals that CLT is to develop fluency in language use. Fluency is basically formed by classroom activities in which students use communication strategies, they learn by doing or practising things or by finding weakness point and works on them in order to eliminate. On other hand we have Accuracy that is distinct from Fluency. According to Richards (n.d) accuracy focuses on the formation of correct examples of language, it does not require meaningful communication and the choice of language is controlled. So seeing the characteristics between of Fluency and Accuracy I can say that in fluency activities students feel freer in using a foreign language, because the process of fluency it gives opportunity to all students to communicate in foreign language, students learn by practising things, they can correct themselves while communicating. Whereas in Accuracy students are under the control of teacher, here the rules of strategies are strict than in F luency, and this may cause a great stress on students, so teachers should take care how they use such activities. Neither Fluency nor Accuracy is less or more important than the other, they should be treated in the same way. They are equal components in classroom. For example if a teacher uses fluency activities, and finds some grammatical mistakes on students than can use accuracy activities to work on those mistakes. Likewise can happen the opposite first to use accuracy activities than those rules of grammar (words formation, tenses, passive voice, etc) to apply in fluency activities to see if students have understood it. So none accuracy or fluency can work without each other, they are linked together, and cannot be separated. To function in the right way both accuracy and fluency I have noticed some steps that should be taken into the account before we want to realize these kind of activities. à ¢- The role of teacher and students in classroom. Teachers play an important role in classroom. They should be prepared well to be in front of students. Teachers should plan things, lessons, and activities before they go to the class, or contrary they should be flexible in order to change things if the plan is not working. Teachers should be a facilitator in classroom, should be there whenever students have needs or have questions. Teachers should undertake a lot of things in order to grow self-confidence and values on students. All these things cannot be realized just by teachers also the participation of students is very important. Students should be ready to collaborate, to come prepared in school; they should do their duties or homework given by teacher. They should be collaborative with other classmates, not to work just by themselves, to be helpful with others and so on. If teachers wants to apply fluency or accuracy activities should think before about other things like: Breaking the routine/ Sitting arrangements -None likes the routine especially students, they get bored if teacher focuses only in grammar (sentence formation, tenses, vocabulary, pronunciation, etc.), teachers should take care how to organize things lessons, to divide them in order to eliminate a routine to make things more enthusiastic and fun. On other hand students might get out of control and then the sense of learning will lose its purpose. à ¢- Seating arrangements can be one of the principal elements if teachers want to apply certain activities, if they want to change somehow the atmosphere in class, and to break the routine. I want to represent three kinds of seating arrangements which I consider basically and other seating arrangements can flow from these three seating arrangements. -In the first figure we can see the usually seating arrangements Seating in rows. row.jpg Seating in row is very usually arrangement, so as you can see the figure there can be seat one students or two in one desk it depends on the number of students in class. Students are in front with a teacher, the class is more quite with this seating arrangement. This seating arrangement can perfectly function if there is any activity for example working individually or if there are two students in one desk they can work in pairs. The technique Think-Pair-Share can be useful in Seating in row. Teacher can give a target for example What is a weather today first they think individually and then they pair with each other and at the end they can share their discussion with the class. -In next figure is the other seating arrangement and very commonly used Group Work Group-Tables3.jpg With Group seating arrangement a lot of CLT activities can be realized, if there are any game activities that need more than two students or any collaborative work group seating is the best one. In this seating arrangement the class should be divided in five or six group which contain by four or five students, it depends on the number of students. Teacher should control all the time students if they are working or having any difficulties because using this kind of seating arrangement in the class there can be a lot of noise and students might be out of the control. Group seating it gives opportunity to students to be interactive to be collaborative to correct each other, to create friendship with other classmates, and so on. In the third figure we have the third seating arrangement called Horseshoe in addition is my favourite seating arrangement. images.jpg I consider the Horseshoe seating more favourable because none is in the centre ,all are treated equal and everyone can see each other without leaving anyone else aside. Through Horseshoe there can be developed a lot of debated, discussions, everyone feel free to talk and like this fluency activities can be realized. Regarding to my experience in the primary or secondary school when we used this kind of seating the words started to flow itself, because the atmosphere that is created it pushes you to communicate in foreign language without noticing it.

Chemistry Stpm Essay

A – Structural Questions: Question 1. (a)(i) The presence of isotopes 1M (ii) Let the abundance of 63X be a %. The % abundance of 65X. = ( 100 – a ) 1M Relative atomic mass = ( 62. 93 x a) + ( 64. 93 x ( 100 -a) ) 1M 100 63. 55 = 62. 93a + 6493 -64. 3a 100 6355 = -2a + 6500 a = 69. 0% 1M The % abundance of 65X = 100- 69. 0 = 31. 0 % Relative abundance 63X : 65X 1 : 2 1M (iii) Relative Abundance 63 64 65 Relative mass /m/e 2M SpeciesprotonsneutronsElectrons 20 Ne 10 10 10 10 16O2- 8 8 8 10 2 M The species have same number of electrons or isoelectronic. M —————- 10M 2. (a) (i) H2O2 + 2H+ + 2 I- > 2H2O + I21M (ii) Rate = k [H2O2] [I-]1M (iii) 0. 21M 0. 11M (iv) second order1M (b) (i) 121M (ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2. 1M (iii) +2 , X has two valence electrons2M (iv) X is a better electricity conductor. 1M —————- 10M 3. (a) Atomic size increases, screening effect increases with more inner shells of electrons 1M effective nuclear charge decreases, ionisation energy lowered, valence electrons are more easily removed. 1M (b) i. Be2+ (aq) + 4H2O (l) > [ Be (H2O)4 ]2+ (aq)1M ii. It is acidic, acting as a Bronsted-Lowry acid1M The Be2+ ion has a high charge density 1M and can strongly polarise large anions due to its smaller size. 1M The ions of other Group 2 elements have larger sizes and charge densities and weaker polarising power (d)i. platinum and rhodium1M ii. 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) ? 4NO(g) + 6H2O (g)1M iii. low temperature1M low pressure1M ( Note : The reaction is exothermic reaction. According to le Chatelier principle, a low temperature will favour the formation of NO. For gaseous equilibrium, a decrease in pressure will favour the reaction which produces more gaseous molecules. Thus in the above equilibrium a low pressure will avour the formation of NO. ) ________ 10M 4. (a) i. A is CH3CH2CH2COOH1M B is CH3CH2CH2COCl1M C is CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH 1M ii. butanoyl chloride1M iii. Formation of ester: CH3CH2CH2COCl + CH3CH2OH > CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH3 + HCl1M (b) i. H3N+CH2COOH + H2NCH(CH3)COOH > H2NCH2CONHCH(CH3)COOH + H2O1M Glycylalanine1M ( Note: Alanylglycine can also be formed ) ii. The amino group –NH2 which is basic group reacts with hydrochloric acid to form the ammonium chloride salt of alanine1M HOOCCH(CH3)NH2 + HCl > HOOCCH(CH3)NH3+Cl- 1M ___________ 10 M SECTION B – ESSAY 5. (a) (i) Orbitals with the same energy1M Example : 2p or 3d s orbitals1M ii) Nitrogen atom has 7 electrons 1M Fill 1s orbital with 2 electrons1M Fill 2s orbital with 2 electrons1M Fill 2px,2py and 2pz orbitals with 3 electrons1M / 6 1M (b) Fe 2+ 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d4 1M Fe 3+ 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 1M In terms of electronic configuration, Fe 3+ is more stable than Fe 2+ 1M Because it has half-filled 3d orbital which is more stable1M. / 4 (c ) The valence electronic configu ration of the electrons for nitrogen atom is 2s2 2px1 2py1 2pz11M Nitrogen atom uses sp3 hybrid orbitals for forming covalent bonds between N and H atoms. Energy 2p sp3 hybrid porbitals N(ground state) 1M In sp3 hybrid orbitals of nitrogen atom,one of the orbitals Is occupied by a lone pair of electrons and three sp3 orbitals are half filled 1M Each N-H atom is formed by the overlapping of the s orbital of hydrogen atom with one of the half filled sp3 orbitals to give the ammonia molecule 1M Diagram of the bond formation in NH3 molecule. M /. 5 ——————- Total : 15 M 6. (a) Dyanamic equilibrium †¦. a reversible reaction , in a closed system forward and backward reactions have the same rate of reaction. 2M (b) (i) N2O4 – 2NO2 Kc = [NO2] 2 = [0. 12] 2 [N2O4] [0. 04] = 0. 36 mol dm-3 5M (ii) Using PV =nRT where n = 0. 12 +0. 04 = 0. 16 mol P = 0. 16 (8. 31) (383) 10 -3 = 509. 24 kPa. 3M (c) N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) – at low temperatures, % NH3 is higher – forward reaction is exothermic equilibrium position shifts to the right at higher temperature -forward reaction is accompa nied by a reduction in volume of gas -at higher pressures, equilibrium position shifts to the right -at high pressures, % NH3 is higher5M ————— Total : 15M No. 7 (a)(i) Aluminium metal is extracted by electrolysis The electrolyte is molten bauxite in sodium hexafluoroaluminate. The electroyte has aluminium ion and oxide ions. Anode : 2O2- — > O2 + 4e Cathode : Al3+ + 3e — > Al5M (ii) (Any 2 points) light Resistant to corrosion Strong alloy2M `(b)aluminium : A giant metallic structure, strong metallic bonf. Silicon : giant 3 D covalent structure. Strong covalent bond between silicon atomes. higher melting point Phosphorus and sulphur – Both are simple molecules. Weak van der waals between molecules Sulphur has a stronger intermolecular forces – S8 larger than P48M No 8. (a) chlorine – strong oxidation agent Bromide is oxidized to bromine E ° of chlorine is more positive than that of bromine. Cl2 + 2Br- —- > 2Cl- + Br24M (b)iodine forms triodes complex in KI. I2 + I- —- > I3- Iodine does not form any complex ions in water. I2 + 2H2O — > I- ¬ + HIO + H3O+4M (c)HCl is released in cold acid NaCl + H2SO4 a NaHSO4 + HCl If heated more HCl released. NaHSO4 + NaCl -a Na2SO4 + HCl4M (d) Iodide is oxidized to iodine Purple Iodine is released Pungent smell of H2S is detected3M ————– Total : 15M 9. ( a ) ( i ) order : W, Y, X W, Y, X act as Lewis bases. X is the strongest base because ethyl group is an electron donor by inductive effect. Y is more basic than W because the lone pair electron on the N atom is not delocalised. W is less basic than Y because the lone pair electron on the N atom is delocalised into the benzene ring. M ( ii ) pKb value > 9. 39 Z is a weaker base than W. Presence of Cl – an electron withdrawing group reduces the donating potential of lone pair electron on the N atom through inductive effect. 4M ( b ) Concentated H2SO4 and HNO3. , 550C Mechanism: HNO3 + H2SO4 NO2+ + HSO4– + H2O NO2+ is an electrophile. H + NO2+ NO2 H NO2 + HSO4– –NO2 + H2SO4 + HNO3 –NO2 + H2O 6M Total : 15 marks 0 . ( a ) ( i ) Terylene/Dacron ~~~~O – CH2 – CH2 – O – C – –C – O – CH2 – CH2 – O – C – –C~~~~ 3M || || || || O O O O ( ii ) Condensation polymerisation To make cloth/sleeping bags, etc 2M ( b ) ( i ) K: functional group : -OH isomers : CH3CH2CH2OH and CH3CHCH3OH arm isomers separately with alkaline iodine, CH3CHCH3OH gives a yellow precipitate but CH3CH2CH2OH does not. CH3CH2CH2OH + 4I2 + 6OH– CHI3 + 5I– + 5H2O + CH3COO– 5M (ii ) L : functional group : ? C = O | Isomers : CH3CH2CHO and CH3COCH3 warm isomers separately with Tollen’s reagent. CH3CH2CHO gives a silver mirror but CH3COCH3 does not. CH3CH2CHO + 2[Ag(NH3)2]2+ + OH– CH3CH2COO– + 2Ag + 2NH4+ + 2NH3 5M Note: Can also accept other suitable chemical test. Total : 15 marks

Effect Of The Stroop Effect On Accuracy, Time And...

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Portrayal of Women in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness...

Portrayal of Women in Heart of Darkness In his novel, Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad exposes the evil lurking in the soul of mankind; but this corruption is hidden from the innocent European women. Conrad?s novel depicts women simplistically in black and white ? without any confusing shades of gray. There are the innocent white European women who must -- for societys sake -- be misinformed, and the black African she-beast ? the antithesis to civilizations order. Those exposed to the corruption either embrace the wickedness, as does Kurtz, or resist it and become enlightened. But the innocent European women swallow the lies of the colonial administration. If Conrad was appalled by the high-sounding rhetoric†¦show more content†¦After all, was not the demonic Kurtzs foremost attribute the artistry of his speech? He could, with his talking, put forth the pulsating stream of light, or the deceitful flow from the heart of darkness (63). 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